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某厂区室外中压电缆敷设的施工方案2)每盘电缆上应标明电缆规格、型号、电压等级、长度及出厂日期。电缆盘应完好无损。
Eachcableshouldbemarkedonspecification,model,voltagelevel,lengthandmanufacturedate.Cabletrayshouldbeinagoodcondition.
3)电缆外观完好无损，铠装无锈蚀、无机械损伤，光泽明亮无皱折和扭曲现象。电缆外皮及绝缘展无老化及裂纹。
GB／T 25181-2019标准下载Thecableexteriorconditionisintact.Thearmorhasnorustandnomechanicaldamage.Itisshinyandbrightwithoutwrinklesanddistortions.Cablejacketandinsulationshownoagingandcracks.
4)电缆敷设前进行绝缘摇测或耐压试验。测量绝缘用兆欧表的额定电压，采用如下等级：Beforelayingcarryoutinsulationrollingtestorvoltagewithstandtest.Usemeggerratedvoltagetomeasureinsulation.Takethefollowinglevel:
10KV和35KV电缆：用2500V兆欧表。10KVand35KVCable:The2500Vmegger.
5)按设计和实际路径计算每根电缆的长度，合理安排每盘电缆，无电缆接头。Calculateeachcablelengthaccordingtodesignandactualpath.Arrangeeachcablereasonablywithoutcablejoints.
6)电缆保护套管已经预埋好，故只需要清理管内残渣，并作好管口保护。Cableprotectionsleevehasbeenembedded.Cleanpiperesidueandprotectnozzles.
7)其它附属材料：电缆标示桩、电缆标志牌、油漆、汽油、封铅、硬脂酸、白布带、橡皮包布、黑包布等均应符合要求。Othersubsidiarymaterial:cablemarkingpiles,cablesigns,paint,gasoline,sealedlead,stearicacid,whitebelt,rubbercloth,blackclothetc.shouldmeettherequirements.
4.3主要机具准备MainEquipmentPreparation
卷扬机、敷设电缆用支架及轴、电缆滚轮、转向导轮、吊链、滑轮、钢丝绳、大麻绳、千斤顶。Winches,bracketandshaftforcablelaying,cableroller,transferguidewheel,hangingchain,pulleys,wirerope,largehemprope,jacks.
4.4作业环境准备WorkEnvironmentPreparation
场地清理干净、道路畅通。Sitecleanuptheroadsunimpeded
放电缆用的设备安置完毕，且符合安全要求，电缆沿线照明照度满足施工要求。
Cablelayingequipmenthasplaced,andmeetssafetyrequirements.Cablelightingilluminationalongtheroutemeetstheconstructionrequirements.
五.敷设施工WorkofCablePulling
5.1电缆敷设施工工序WorkProcedure
机具布置→电缆展放→电缆敷设、固定Equipmentlayout→Layoffcable→laycableandfix
5.2机具布置LayoutofTools
5.2.1电缆的搬运及支架架设CableRemovalandCableTray
5.2.2卷扬机与滑轮的布置WinchandPulleyArrangement
电缆架与卷扬机布置见下图：Cablerackandwincharrangementseebelow:
1)电缆展放可用人力拉引或机械牵引。当采用机械牵引时，用机械的最大牵引强度宜满足下表的规定，其速度不宜超过15m/min，且应在牵引头或钢丝网套与牵引钢缆之间装设防捻器。Usemanualormechanicaltraction.Whenusingmechanicaltraction,themaximummechanicalstrengthshouldmeettherequirementsinTable,itsspeedshouldnotexceed15m/min,andshouldinstallfortifiedtwisterbetweentractionheadorsteelmeshsleeveandpullingsteelcable.
Cablemaximumtractionstrength(N/mm2)
电缆最大牵引强度（N/mm2）
牵引方式traction
牵引头tractionhead
钢丝网套steelmeshsleeve
铝芯aluminumcore
铝套aluminumsheath
塑料护套plasticsheath
允许牵引强度allowabletractionstrength
本次采用机械牵引，采用钢丝网套直接塑料护套方式，按表计算允许最大牵引强度：Themechanicaltractionusesaluminumandplasticsheath.Calculateallowablemaximumtractionstrength:
35KV电缆：300mm2的单芯电缆，其允许最大牵引强度：
35KVcable:300mm2singlecable,theallowablemaximumtractionstrength:
F1=7*300=2100N
10KV电缆：95mm2的三芯铠装电缆，铅套，其允许最大牵引强度：
F2=10*95*3=2850N
185mm2的三芯铠装电缆，铅套，其允许最大牵引强度：
F3=10*185*3=5550N
2）牵引力和侧压力计算：Tractionandlateralpressurecalculation:
侧压力计算公式为：Thecalculatingformulalateralpressure:P=T/R
式中：P为侧压力（N/m）；T为牵引力（N）；R为弯曲半径（m）
Where:Pforlateralpressure(N/m);Tfortraction(N);Rforthebendradius(m)
式中：μ为摩擦系数，在滚轮上牵引时取0.1~0.2；
Where:μisfrictioncoefficient,wheeltractionis0.1~0.2
W为电缆每米重量（kg/m）；L为电缆长度（m）
Wiscablepermeterweight(kg/m);Liscablelength(m)
实际施工中，考虑实际情况，μ取0.12，R1取0.5m,R2取1.3m,R3取1.5m
Theactualconstructionshouldconsideractualcircumstances,μtakes0.12,R1takes0.5m,R2takes1.3m,R3takes1.5m
令T1=F1=2100N，则L1=2100/（9.8*0.12*4.17）=428m
T2=F2=2850N，则L2=2850/（9.8*0.12*4.04）=600m
T3=F3=5550N，则L3=5550/（9.8*0.12*6.44）=733m
P1=2100/0.5=4200N
P2=2850/1.3=2192N
P3=5550/1.5=3700N
所以，采用塑料护套直接拉动电缆时，35KV电缆每次允许拉428m电缆，其侧压力为4200N；10KV95mm2的电缆每次允许拉600m，其侧压力为2192N；10KV185mm2的电缆每次允许拉733m，其侧压力为3700N。Therefore,pullthecablewithplasticsheath.Eachtimetheallowablelengthof35KVcableis428manditslateralpressureis4200N;10KV95mm2cableis600mand2192Nand10KV185mm2cableis733mand3700N.
3）电缆展放时，电缆应从盘的上端引出，不应使电缆在地面摩擦拖拉。电缆上不得有铠装压扁、电缆绞拧、护层折裂等未消除的机械损伤。Pullcablefromtheupperplatetoavoidfrictionontheground.Armoredcablemaynotbecrushed.Donothavecabletwisted,retaininglayerfractureandothernoteliminatedmechanicaldamage.
5）每根电缆敷设好后，在电缆两端做好临时标示，以分清电缆回路及黄、绿、红三相。Maketemporarysignsatbothendsofcables.Identifycableloopandyellow,green,redphases.
5.4电缆敷设、固定CableLayingandFixing
2）电缆之间，电缆与其它管道、道路、建筑物等之间平行和交叉时的最小净距，应满足规范的要求。Theminimumparallelandcrossspacing betweencablesorbetweencablesandotherpipeline,roads,buildings,etc.shouldmeetthespecificationrequirements.
3）电缆与现有电缆交叉时，满足规范要求，保持足够间距。Crossoveringtheexistingcablestomeettheregulatoryrequirementsandmaintainadequatespacing.
5）冬季敷设电缆，温度达不到规范要求时，应将电缆提前加温。Inwinter,whenthetemperaturecannotmeetregulatoryrequirements,thecableshouldbeheatedinadvance.
六.覆砂盖砖SpreadSandandCoverBricks
1)电缆敷设完毕，应请建设单位、监理及质量监督部门作隐蔽工程验收，作好记录、签字。Askconstructionunit,supervisionandqualitysupervisiondepartmentsacceptconcealedproject,makerecordsanddothesignature.
2)电缆上面与电缆下面一样，覆盖10cm砂土或软土，然后用砖或电缆盖板将电缆盖好，覆盖宽度应超过电缆两侧5cm。Spread10cmsandorsoftsoilaboveorbelowcableandcoverwithbricksorboardswithwidthmorethan5cmofbothsides.
七.回填土BackfillEarth
1)直埋电缆回填土前，应经隐蔽工程验收合格。PriortoBuriedcablebackfillshallbeaccepted.
八.埋标桩BuryingStake
九.挂标志牌Hangingsigns
1)标志牌规格应一致，并有防腐性能T／CECS857-2021 建筑墙体热阻现场快速测试方法标准及条文说明.pdf，挂装应牢固。Thesignsshallbethesamesize,haveantisepticproperties,andmountedhangingshallbefirmly.
2)标志牌上应注明电缆编号、规格、型号及电压等级。Thesignsshouldindicatecablenumbers,specifications,modelsandvoltagelevel.
3)直埋电缆进出建筑物及电缆终端头应挂标志牌。Buriedcableaccesstobuildingsandcableterminationheadsshouldhangsigns.
4) 电缆标志牌同时应遵循业主标准。Cablesignsfollowownerstandard.
十.质量控制QualityControl
DB33／T 1164-2019标准下载10.1主控项目MasterItems
检验方法：检查试验记录。TestMethod:Checktestrecords.
电缆敷设必须符合以下规定：电缆严禁有绞拧、铠装压扁、护层断裂和表面严重划伤等缺损，直埋敷设时，严禁在管道上面或下面平行敷设。Thecablelayingmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:Strictlyprohibittwist,armoredsquash,sheathfractureandseverelacerationsandothersurfacedefects.Forbidparallelpipelinelaying.